Human Posture
In this article we defined about human
posture. In our research we found that
What is posture?
Posture is a term used to describe a position
of the body or the arrangements of body parts relative to one another .
POSTURE has
been described by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (1947).
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Ideal postures are those assumed to perform an
activity in the most efficient manner utilizing the least amount of energy.
All activity begins with posture and ends with
a posture. The relationships between body parts can be controlled voluntarily
but to do this would require too much concentration.During normal functioning
one's postures and adjustments to postures are automatic and occur quickly you
are probably thinking that standing up straight is not easy.
Most people would intuitively consider
postural muscles as those that hold a body upright, standing, against gravity.
For perfectly erect standing, however, very little muscle activity is needed.
Joints are balanced on one another in such a way as to minimize the work
necessary to hold one upright against gravity. Posture in these terms is
thought of as static. How often do we just stand there?
People need to move to function and to work,
so I will talk of posture on this page as the positions we assume during the
day in preparation for other positions we assume. We are always preparing to
move whether beta pick up a mouse or walk to the store. In this way we can
think of posture as dynamic always changing. In order to function
optimally, muscles must work at their optimum length and be long enough to
allow for coordinated movement.
Obviously a muscle that is tight will not
allow a joint to move through its full range of motion. To avoid joint injury,
joints must work within a range that they can maintain stability.
As we move from one posture to another
we must learn to do it efficiently, within this stable range or risk injury. A
physical therapist will assess dynamic posture by examining each posture
assumed individually and observing how an individual transitions between each
posture. Why is examining dynamic posture important?
It is usually during these transitions
from one posture to another that injury occurs. Probably one of the most
important times for one to maintain good posture is during lifting. The chest
is up, feet shoulder width apart, head centered over the shoulders, the item to
be lifted close to one's base of support, and hips an angle so that one feels
like one is pushing through the floor. Deviation from takes one's joints and
muscles outside of their optimal range of performance and increase risk of
injury.
Posture requires coordination
The
movement between one static posture and another requires the coordinated timing
and recruitment of muscles specific
to the task at hand.
It is a programmed pattern of muscle activity
that the body counts on to maintain stability.
Some of these programmed patterns of movement
are hard wired in the central nervous system, others are learned.
For instance, when we open a heavy door there
is a coordinated sequence of muscle contractions in your abdominal, back and
lower extremity muscles that occurs even before you start pulling on the door
with your hand.
CNS needs to control multiple muscles
simultaneously based on corresponding Multi sensory inputs.
The
movements controlled by normal reflex mechanisms are very small alterations in
the position of the skeleton, shoulders, and pelvis.
Includes:-
1)
Vision input
☆ It can be
easily modified by opening & closing the eyes, results in changes in
posture stability.
2)
Vestibular input
☆ vestibular information transmitted to brain
provides the head orientation relative to gravity.
3)
Proprioceptive input
☆it gives
us information on the static & dynamic components of joint position
/orientation for posture control.
4)
Tactile somatosensory input
☆ tactile
cues are conveyed to the information from the soles of feet.
Information
is based on pressure on the sole,& center of pressure is very important cue
for the maintenance of stable stance.
☆Because of this we cannot look at
the muscles' functioning without looking at the sensory input.
Poor movement patterns can result from any of the following:
Causes Of Poor Posture
Joint dysfunction
Pain
Stress
Central nervous system disorder/injury
Overwork or over training
Prolonged postures or repetition of the same
activity
The movements
controlled by normal reflex mechanisms are very small alterations in the
position of the skeleton, shoulders, and pelvis.
These normal
reflex mechanisms are learned as an infant and become automatic reactions to
changes in posture.
Good work Shreya 😊😊
ReplyDeleteThank you rubab..
ReplyDeleteThank you rubab..
ReplyDeletenyc shreya..
ReplyDeletegood effort
ReplyDelete